The term sickle cell disease (SCD)describes a group of inherited red blood cell disorders. People with SCD have abnormal haemoglobin, called haemoglobin S or sickle haemoglobin, in their red blood cells.
Haemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.
“Inherited ” means that the disease is passed by genes from parents to their children. SCD is not contagious. A person cannot catch it, like a cold or infection, from someone else.
People who have SCD inherit two abnormal haemoglobin genes, one from each parent. In all forms of SCD, at least one of the two abnormal genes causes a person’s body to make haemoglobin S. When a person has two haemoglobin S genes, Haemoglobin SS, the disease is called sickle cell anaemia. This is the most common and often most severe kind SCD.
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